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DIGITAL MONEY



Electronic money payment systems as an alternative to banking institutions


What is electronic money?


In a nutshell, electronic money (also called “e-money”) is a digital record of value in a given system. E-money can be exchanged between two parties, but no one actually touches money because all that happens is an exchange of electronic records.


The media that stores this predefined value or payment information can be either hardware or software.


You might be surprised, but every payment and transaction you make with your debit or credit cards is electronic and involves the exchange of electronic money. The hardware, or key, that gives access to the electronically stored value of your checking account is the card itself. In fact, financial information is stored in the chip and magnetic stripe. When you use this payment method, after reading the card on a POS reader, a connection and subsequent exchange of values (e-money) takes place between your bank and the merchant's bank. They are connected to a server over the Internet to verify and confirm a transaction. It is also possible to make a payment even without a real-time connection - for example, when shopping on board an airplane. In these cases, the transaction is finalized at a later stage.


Online banking also stores your money electronically - on servers. Prepaid card issuers, digital wallets and other financial institutions can accept cash and in return issue you electronic money to pay in the digital world.


Electronic money company licensed by the FCA (Financial Conduct Authority) - the most transparent supervisory authority that issues licenses for electronic money operators is located in London - Great Britain.


There is, however, one major difference.


What is an electronic money company?


In the simplest terms, companies such as Wise, Juni, Monese, iCard, Revolut and many others are licensed to issue electronic money and have the right to develop and provide digital payment solutions.


Here are a few reasons why your money is better protected with electronic money institutions:

  • Your money is kept in special (or “segregated”) bank accounts.
  • Your money is not exposed to investment risk - it is separated from the funds in our corporate accounts.
  • The money is protected in a different way than the standard bank deposit guarantee, up to €100,000, which comes from the Bank Deposit Guarantee Fund (FGVB). The difference is that with electronic money operators, assets are not subject to the risks that exist with banks.
  • Your money in companies like Wise, Juni, Monese, iCard, Revolut are kept separately from the company's assets and capital and cannot be subject to requests and claims from our creditors.
  • Electronic money institutions are similar to banks in terms of security requirements and processes for collecting and managing customer information.


    How widespread is e-money?


    According to data from the European Union, only about 9.6% of the money in circulation is in the form of banknotes or coins. This means that around 90.4% or 12.5 trillion euros are electronic and stored on servers around the world.


    Electronic money is now widely accepted and widely used because it is much easier to handle than cash.


    People who prefer cash payments but receive their paychecks in their bank accounts are actually using electronic money, which they unknowingly "exchange" for cash - with every ATM withdrawal.


    Cash is sometimes criticized as some people insist that it is favored and used for unregulated purposes. This opinion is not objective, since unregulated financial operations also happen with electronic money, and on a larger scale, when banks do not exercise control.


    Why should I use e-money instead of cash?


    Paper money has its advantages in certain situations, however, its use is steadily decreasing with time and the advent of technology.


    As a consumer, you are free to pay as you prefer, but electronic money is gradually taking a larger share of in-store transactions.


    Some regions and countries already pay primarily electronically - with contactless debit cards or mobile phones.


    This is due to several factors:

  • E-money drastically reduces the cost of cashing paper money.
  • Issuing electronic money does not require natural resources, such as wood fiber or other plants used to make paper.
  • The technology is not new, it has already proven itself, we can rely on it and usually the risks are under control.
  • Different jurisdictions around the world have already adopted legal frameworks to regulate the use of electronic money and prevent abuse.
  • Banks usually protect their customers' deposits with government funds/guarantees.
  • Electronic money is perfect for internet commerce because it allows users to conveniently shop online. And this is natural, since it is not possible to exchange cache remotely.
  • E-money companies also protect your money. They are in so-called "segregated" accounts.


    It is not always possible to open a foreign bank account due to local restrictions. For example, in some jurisdictions only a resident of the bank's jurisdiction can do this. Nevertheless, the option of opening an EMI account offers several unique advantages:

  • no minimum deposit requirements;
  • simplified compliance rules;
  • no restrictions when closing transactions on the account;
  • a high degree of confidentiality of the owners' data due to the lack of exchange of tax information;
  • providing additional guarantees for the safety of funds when a certain threshold is exceeded.

  • How Smart Startup UK lawyers can help


    Suppose you set yourself the task of opening an account in a foreign bank. In such a case, Smart Startup UK lawyers are ready to carefully consider the business case and answer the question "can I open a foreign bank account?" in your case, as well as in which jurisdiction this option will be available to you and most advantageous. For example, many banks in Singapore and Hong Kong refused to open a bank account for foreign citizens from the CIS. Therefore, the lawyers of "Smart Startup UK" will help you to avoid the risks of rejection and loss of time by choosing the most suitable options for your business to open a bank account. In particular, the lawyers will help in the successful implementation of the following actions:


  • examine the history of the case and suggest the most suitable options for opening an account abroad;
  • make a plan how to register a foreign bank account in your case;
  • to help you take advantage of the ability to open a foreign bank account remotely, when available;
  • will accompany the procedure for opening a foreign account, including negotiations with foreign bank employees;
  • providing additional legal support in case of possible problematic situations that may arise during the operation of a bank account abroad.


    Smart Startup UK's range of services is not limited to the above. Attorneys are ready to find the right low-tax jurisdiction for your case, optimize the amount of taxes to be paid, and help obtain a residence permit in a foreign jurisdiction. In addition, we will be happy to provide legal assistance when opening a corporate or personal account in a foreign bank. Provide more information about your case.

      • Adyen


      • Adyen logo
      • www.adyen.com
      • Adyen is a Dutch e-money payment company with receiving bank status that enables businesses to accept e-commerce, mobile and spot payments . It is listed on the Euronext Amsterdam stock exchange.
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      • Checkout


      • Checkout logo
      • www.Checkout.com
      • Checkout is a British multinational financial technology company that processes payments for other companies. Founded as Opus Payments in 2009, it is headquartered in London, UK. It had a valuation of $60 billion in 2023, making it Europe's most valuable fintech startup
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      • Revolut


      • Revolut logo
      • www.Revolut.com
      • Revolut Group Holdings Ltd is a global non-banking and financial technology company headquartered in London, United Kingdom, offering banking services to retail and corporate customers. It was founded in 2015 by Nikolay Storonski and Vlad Yatsenko.
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      • Nexi


      • Nexi logo
      • www.nexigroup.com
      • Nexi S.p.A., formerly known as Istituto Centrale delle Banche Popolari Italiane S.p.A., is an Italian electronic money and payments bank specializing in payment systems such as Nexi Payments. The bank is specialized as the central institution of the Italian Popular Bank.
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      • Klarna


      • Klarna logo
      • www.Klarna.com
      • Klarna Bank AB, commonly referred to as Klarna, is a Swedish fintech company that provides online financial services. The company provides payment processing services for the e-commerce industry, store claims management and customer payments. The company is a "buy now, pay later" service provider.
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      • Wise


      • Wise logo
      • www.wise.com
      • Wise PLC, formerly known as TransferWise, is a financial technology company focused on global money transfers. Headquartered in London, it was founded by Kristo Käärmann and Taavet Hinrikus in January 2011. As of 2023, it offers three core products: Wise Account, Wise Business and Wise Platform.
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      • N26


      • N26 logo
      • www.n26.com.com
      • N26 is a German neobank based in Berlin, Germany. N26 was founded in 2013 by Rocket Internet, an incubator, and operates in various European Union member states that are members of the Single Euro Payments Area.
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      • Zettle


      • Zettle logo
      • www.zettle.com
      • Zettle is a Swedish financial technology company founded by Jakob de Geer and Magnus Nilsson in April 2010. Launching its first app and service in 2011. , the company offers a range of financial products including payments, points of sale, financing applications and partners.
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      • Funding Circle


      • Circle logo
      • www.fundingcircle.com
      • Funding Circle is a commercial lender. It was originally a peer-to-peer lending marketplace that allowed the public to lend money directly to small and medium-sized businesses.
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      • Starling Bank


      • Starling Bank logo
      • www.starlingbank.com
      • Starling Mobile Bank is based in London, was founded in 2014 and in 2016 received a banking license from the UK regulator Financial Conduct Authority . Offers fully functional checking accounts that include binding to bank payment systems. Starling Bank is valued at approximately $466 million, according to Funderbeam.
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      • WorldRemit


      • WorldRemit logo
      • www.worldremit.com
      • Online money transfer service WorldRemit provides international money transfer services to expats and migrant workers. Founded in 2010, the company is based in London, United Kingdom and is worth approximately $500 million.
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      • Kreditech


      • Kreditech logo
      • www.kreditech.com
      • German online lender Kreditech offers loans to individuals based on their creditworthiness, which is analyzed using their online data instead of using traditional credit information credit rating. It is based in Hamburg and was founded in 2012. After its last funding round, when it raised $110 million from PayU, it is now valued at nearly $900 million.
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      • Avaloq


      • Avaloq logo
      • www.avaloq.com
      • Established in 1985 in Zurich, Avaloq is a technology-driven financial services provider for wealth management, universal banks and retail banks. It serves 155 financial institutions worldwide and is valued at $1.01 billion.
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      • Monzo


      • Monzo logo
      • www.monzo.com
      • Monzo Bank Limited, trading as Monzo, is a British online bank based in London, England. Monzo was one of the earliest of a number of new app-based challenger banks in the UK.
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      • Monese


      • Monese logo
      • www.monese.com
      • Monese is a British company that offers checking accounts and money transfer services as an alternative to traditional banks. The mobile-only service provides accounts in pounds sterling, euros and Romanian lei and is available in 31 countries in the European Economic Area.
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      • Zopa


      • Zopa logo
      • www.zopa.com
      • Zopa Bank Ltd. is a British online bank that offers deposit accounts, personal loans and credit cards. It started as the world's first peer-to-peer lending company in 2005 and received a full banking license in 2020. The cash side of its business closed in December 2021 with a full transition to electronic money.
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      • Zepz


      • Zepz logo
      • www.zepzpay.com
      • Zepz created a digital platform that allows migrants and expats to transfer money to their loved ones in other countries. It works with two brands: WorldRemit, an app that lets you send money to over 130 countries, and sendwave, which lets you send money to friends and family in Asia and Africa. This company has been on an incredible 19 high-growth lists, including the Deloitte Fast 50 three times, the 1000 Companies to Inspire Britain twice and most recently the London Tech 50 in 2020. In total, Zepz has raised £528m in equity investment across 10 rounds of funding
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      • Decta


      • Decta logo
      • www.decta.com
      • DECTA - global payment processing company, experts in FinTech. DECTA provides an end-to-end payment infrastructure, from acquisition to issuance and processing. Unlike other players in the crowded payments market, we offer standard, bespoke solutions aimed at making payments accessible to all.
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